Rick F Guyon - Materials Science - Richard F Guyon

The interdisciplinary field of materials science, also commonly known as materials science and engineering, involves the discovery and design of new materials, with an emphasis on solids. The intellectual origins of materials science stem from the Enlightenment, when researchers began to use analytical thinking from chemistry, physics, and engineering to understand ancient, phenomenological observations in metallurgy and mineralogy.^[1][2] Materials science still incorporates elements of physics, chemistry, and engineering. As such, the field was long thought of^{[by whom?]} as a sub-field of these related fields. In recent years,^[when?] materials science has become more widely recognized as a specific and distinct field of science and engineering. Many of the most pressing scientific problems humans currently face are due to the limitations of the materials that are available and, as a result, breakthroughs in materials science are likely to have a significant impact on the future of technology.

Rick F Guyon - Materials Science - RIchard F Guyon

Rick F Guyon - Mormon Fundamentalism - Richard F Guyon

One way Mormon fundamentalism distinguishes itself from mainstream Mormonism is through the practice of plural marriage. Fundamentalists initially broke from the LDS Church after that doctrine was discontinued around the beginning of the 20th century. Mormon fundamentalism teaches that plural marriage is a requirement forexaltation (the highest degree of salvation), which will allow them to live as gods and goddesses in the afterlife. Mainstream Mormons, by contrast, believe that a singleCelestial marriage is necessary for exaltation.

In distinction with the LDS Church, Mormon fundamentalists also often believe in a number of other doctrines taught and practiced by Brigham Young in the 19th century, which the LDS Church has either abandoned, repudiated, or put in abeyance. These include:

• the law of consecration also known as the United Order (put in abeyance by the LDS Church in the 19th century);
• the Adam–God teachings taught by Brigham Young and other early leaders of the LDS Church (repudiated by the LDS Church in the mid-20th century);
• the principle of blood atonement (repudiated by the LDS Church in the mid-20th century); and
• the exclusion of black men from the priesthood (abandoned by the LDS Church in 1978).

Mormon fundamentalists believe that these principles were wrongly abandoned or changed by the LDS Church, in large part due to the desire of its leadership and members to assimilate into mainstream American society and avoid the persecutions and conflict that had characterized the church throughout its early years. Others believe that it was a necessity at some point for "a restoration of all things" to be a truly restored Church.

Rick F Guyon - Mormon Fundamentalism - Richard F Guyon

Rick F Guyon - Measures of Central Tendency - Richard F Guyon

Measures of Central Tendency

It is often unnecessary to present the experimental data in their entirety, either in tabular or graphical form. In such cases, the data and distribution can be represented by various parameters. One type of parameter is a measure of central tendency, Mode, median, and mean are measures of central tendency.

The mode is the observed value that occurs most frequently. The mode may vary greatly between series of observations. Therefore, its main use is a quick measure of the central value since little or no computation is required to find it. Beyond this, the usefulness of the mode is limited.

The median is the point in the distribution that partitions the total set of observations into two parts containing equal numbers of observations. It is not influenced by the extremity of scores on either side of the distribution. The median is found by counting up (from either end of the frequency distribution) until half of the observations have been accounted for.

Similar in concept tot he median are percentiles (percentile ranks) quartiles and deciles. The median could also have been called the 50th percentile observation. Similarly, the 50th percentile would be the observed value for which the cumulative frequency was 80%. The quartile and decile points on the distribution divide the observations or distribution into segments off 25% and 10%, respectively.

Rick F Guyon - More information on The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints - Richard F Guyon

Introduction

The religious experience of Church members is based on a spiritual witness from God that inspires the heart and mind, creating an interpersonal relationship directly with God. The Church’s role is to help aid its members in their quest to follow Christ’s teachings. Therefore, the Church’s core doctrines strive in every instance to align with Christ’s teachings as outlined in the Bible and other sacred scripture, including the Book of Mormon.

Latter-day Saints believe that the Church’s scripturally-based teachings change lives by motivating people to become more like the Savior. President Boyd K. Packer (1924-2015) of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles taught, “True doctrine, understood, changes attitudes and behavior.”

With this understanding in mind, the following series of answers to frequently asked questions about the Church’s teachings should help further illuminate what Latter-day Saints believe. The list of questions is not comprehensive but represents some of the most common inquiries from news media.

Are Mormons Christian?

Yes. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is a Christian church but is neither Catholic nor Protestant. Rather, it is a restoration of the Church of Jesus Christ as originally established by the Savior in the New Testament of the Bible. The Church does not embrace the creeds that developed in the third and fourth centuries that are now central to many other Christian churches.

Latter-day Saints believe God sent His Son, Jesus Christ, to save all mankind from death and their individual sins. Jesus Christ is central to the lives of Church members. They seek to follow His example by being baptized (see Matthew 3:13-17), praying in His holy name (see Matthew 6:9-13), partaking of the sacrament (see Luke 22:19-20), doing good to others (see Acts 10:38) and bearing witness of Him through both word and deed (see James 2:26). The only way to salvation is through faith in Jesus Christ.

·       Read more about Latter-day Saint Christianity

What do Mormons believe about God?

God is often referred to in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints as our Heavenly Father because He is the Father of all human spirits and they are created in His image (see Genesis 1:27). It is an appropriate term for God who is kind and just, all wise and all powerful. God the Father, His Son, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Ghost constitute the Godhead or Trinity for Mormons. Latter-day Saints believe God is embodied, though His body is perfect and glorified.

Do Mormons believe in the Trinity?

Mormons most commonly use the term “Godhead” to refer to the Trinity. The first article of faith for the Latter-day Saints reads: “We believe in God, the Eternal Father, and in His Son, Jesus Christ, and in the Holy Ghost.” Latter-day Saints believe God the Father, Jesus Christ and the Holy Ghost are one in will and purpose but are not literally the same being or substance, as conceptions of the Holy Trinity commonly imply.

What is the Mormon view of the purpose of life?

For Latter-day Saints, mortal existence is seen in the context of a great sweep of history, from a pre-earth life where the spirits of all mankind lived with Heavenly Father to a future life in His presence where continued growth, learning and improving will take place. Life on earth is regarded as a temporary state in which men and women are tried and tested — and where they gain experiences obtainable nowhere else. God knew humans would make mistakes, so He provided a Savior, Jesus Christ, who would take upon Himself the sins of the world. To members of the Church, physical death on earth is not an end but the beginning of the next step in God’s plan for His children.

Do Mormons believe in the Bible?

Yes. The Church reveres the Bible as the word of God, a sacred volume of scripture. Latter-day Saints cherish its teachings and engage in a lifelong study of its divine wisdom. Moreover, during worship services the Bible is pondered and discussed. Additional books of scripture — including the Book of Mormon— strengthen and reinforce God’s teachings through additional witnesses and provide moving accounts of the personal experiences many individuals had with Jesus Christ. According to Church apostle M. Russell Ballard, “The Book of Mormon does not dilute nor diminish nor deemphasize the Bible. On the contrary, it expands, extends, and exalts it.”

What is the Book of Mormon?

In addition to the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, the Book of Mormon is another testament of Jesus Christ. It contains the writings of ancient prophets, giving an account of God’s dealings with the peoples on the American continent. For Latter-day Saints it stands alongside the Old and New Testaments of the Bible as holy scripture.

·       Read more about the Book of Mormon

What is a Mormon temple?

Temples existed throughout Biblical times. These buildings were considered the house of the Lord (see 2 Chronicles 2:1-5). Latter-day Saint temples are likewise considered houses of the Lord by Church members.

To Latter-day Saints, temples are sacred buildings in which they are taught about the central role of Christ in God’s plan of salvation and their personal relationship with God.

In temples, members of the Church make covenants with God to live a virtuous and faithful life. They also offer sacraments on behalf of their deceased ancestors.

Mormon temples are also used to perform marriage ceremonies that promise the faithful eternal life with their families. For members of the Church family is of central importance.

Rick F Guyon - Road Safety Features - Richard F Guyon

Road safety features are installed to protect public life and property and to reduce traffic-related lawsuits against highway and transportation departments. The most common actions include the installation of illumination, guardrails, and impact attenuators, as well as the relocation of dangerous facilities.

Guardrails are used on roadways where there is a severe slope or vertical dropoff to the side of the road, ditches, permanent bodies of water, embankments, and roadside obstacles. Guardrails with turned-down ends are now prohibited in new installations and should be upgraded. Such guardrails, rather than protecting motorists from a fixed impact or spearing, often cause vaulting and subsequent rollover.

Rick F Guyon - Richard F Guyon - Road Safety

Rick F Guyon - Differential Equations - Application: Mixing - Richard F Guyon

A typical mixing problem involves a liquid-filled tank. The liquid may initially be pure or contain some solute. Liquid (either pure or a solution) enters the tank at a known rate. A drain may be present to remove thoroughly mixed liquid. The concentration of the solution the amount of solute at some given time is generally unknown.

Rick F Guyon - Differential Equations - Convolution Integral - Richard F Guyon

Rick F Guyon - A complex Laplace transform, F(s), will often be recognized as the product of two other transforms, F1(s) and F2(s), whose corresponding functions fi(f) and f2(t) are known. Unfortunately, Laplace transforms cannot be computed with ordinary multiplication. However, it is possible to extract f(t) from the convolution, as calculated from either of the convolution integrals.

Rick F Guyon - Convolution Integral - Richard F Guyon 

Rick F Guyon - Analysis of Accident Data - Richard F Guyon

Rick F Guyon - Accident data are compiled and evaluated to identify hazardous features and locations, set priorities for safety improvements, support economic analysis, and identify patterns, causes and possible countermeasures.

Accidents are classified into three severity categories,  depending on whether there is (a) property damage only referred to as PDO accidents, (b) personal injury, or (c) fatalities. The severity ratio is defined as the ratio of the number of injury and fatal accidents divided by the total number of all accidents (including PDO accidents).

It is common to prioritize intersections according to the accident rate, R. The accident rate may be determined for PDO, personal injury, and fatal accidents or the total thereof. The accident ratio is the ration of the number of accidents per year to the average daily traffic, ADT. The rate is reported as RMEV.

Rick F Guyon - Vehicle Exposure - Richard F Guyon

Routes between points are prioritized according to the accident rate per miles, calculated as the ratio of the number of accidents per year to the ADT per mile of length, counting traffic from all directions in the intersection. For convinces, the rate may be calculated per 100 million vehicle miles.

Rick F Guyon - Speed Degredation on Uphill Grades - Richard F Guyon

Rick F Guyon - Most modern passenger cars traveling on highways are capable of negotiation uphill grades of 4 to 5% without speed decreases blow their initial level-highway sppeds. (Older cars with high mass-to-power ratios and some smaller-sized "economy" vehicles may experience speed decreases.)

Heavy trucks experience greater speed degradation than passenger cars. The primary variables affecting actual speed decreases are the grade steepness, the grade length,  and the truck's mass-to-power ration. Mass to power ratios are commonly stated in pounds per horsepower and kilograms per kilowatt.

Rick F Guyon - Braking and Deceleration Rate - Richard F Guyon

Rick F Guyon - Continuing on this series on Vehicle Dynamics is Braking and Deceleration Rate.

The maximum deceleration that can be developed in dry weather by a vehicle with tires and brakes in good condition is about 25 ft/sec. (Acceleration and deceleration are sometimes specified in miles per hour per second, or kilometers per hour per second. Multiply mphps by 1.467 to obtain ft/sec and multiply kphps by 0.278 to obtain m/s2. However decelerations of 14 ft/sec are experienced by occupants as uncomfortable and alarming. 11 ft/sec is the appropriate upper limit of desirable decelerations,  and approximately 9ft/sec is the maximum comfortable deceleration from high-speed travel.

Rick F Guyon - Coefficient of Friction - Richard F Guyon

Rick F Guyon  - In most cases, a vehicle's braking system is able to provide more braking force than can be transmitted to the pavement. Therefore, the maximum deceleration is limited by the coefficient of friction between the tires and pavement.

The coefficient of friction, f, between a vehicle and the supporting roadway is the frictional force divided by the normal force. The normal force is essentially the total weight of the vehicle, w , on all but the most extreme grades. The coefficient of friction is dependent on the condition of the vehicle's tires, the type and condition of the pavement, and the weather conditions. 

There are two coefficients of friction: static and dynamic(kinetic). The coefficients of friction may also be referred to as coefficients of road adhesion. The coefficients of static friction is larger than the coefficient of dynamic friction. While a vehicle's tires are rotating, the relative velocity between a point of contact on the tire and roadway are zero and the coefficient of static friction controls. 

Once a vehicle enters a skid, however the coefficient of dynamic friction controls. Therefore a vehicle is held to its maximum braking deceleration without entering a skid will take less distance to come to a complete stop than if the vehicle locks up its tires and skids to a stop. 

The coefficient of friction is not constant throughout the braking manuever, but varies inversely with speed. This level of sophistication is not normally considered, and an average value that is representative of the speed and conditions are used.

Rick F Guyon - Refresher: Systems of Units - Dimensional Analysis - Richard F Guyon

Dimensional Analysis

Dimensional analysis is a means of obtaining as equation that describes some phenomenon without understanding the mechanism of the phenomenon. The most serious limitation is the need to know beforehand which variables influence the phenomenon. Once these are known or assumed, dimensional analysis can be applied by a routine procedure.

The first step is to select a system of primary dimensions. The dimensional formulas and symbols for variables most frequently encountered are given .

The second step is to write a functional relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable.

Rick F Guyon - Dimensional Analysis - Richard F Guyon

Rick F Guyon - Human Interactions

With the increase of technology in our society it seems like it's getting harder and harder to just have a regular conversation without them looking at their phone every 4 seconds. I don't think I'm old fashioned which just wanting to have stimulating human interactions like simply talking face to face with a person.

I know...this is #firstworldprobs. But seriously. I'll walk by a group of kids and all of them are literally just on their phones...who are they talking to? What are they doing? Why aren't they talking to each other. Am I the only one is bugged by this? And why come everytime I say something about this people tell me that I sound like a "hipster". My goodness if that's what it means to be a hipster I guess that's what I am. See when I talk to someone I like to actually talk to them and not at my cellphone or laptop.

I dunno...I'm a hipster I guess.

Rick F Guyon - Richard F Guyon - Baby Hooked

Rick F Guyon - Richard F Guyon - Light Pollution

It's sad that for many people around the world they will not be able to look at the night sky and see the stars like our ancestors did. It wasn't just one or two dots. They could see the bands of our galaxy. They could see other galaxies and other planets. How come we don't have that same view?

Light Pollution - For those of you that live in the city...the lights coming from the streetlights, homes, apartments you name it creates a halo almost that doesn't allow us to see the stars visibly. See in the city it never really is dark. When you look at a city hub from the outskirts of town you can see that glow in the sky..well the glow also prevents you from seeing the beauty of space and what we have so much yet to learn.

Rick F Guyon - Things in Perspective

Rick F Guyon - When you look up at the night sky….you are looking at the past. The nearest sun closest to our sun takes 4 years for its light to reach us. That means that what we see is the remains of light from 4 years ago. Think about it. The universe is so vast and expansive….and we know little to nothing about it. Just to think we don’t even know our own bodies. We don’t have the cure to cancer….you haven’t explored the oceans. Our technological advances have really just come within the last 100 years.

When you think about it makes you think about what we do know. How little we know. And with that small ounce of knowledge we do have maybe we shouldn’t assume to know it all.

Rick F Guyon - Taking the time to just breath

Rick F Guyon - Soooooo today I woke up and admired the natural beauty of my home. Sometimes we get carried away with what we have to do. Whether it's the next research project, the next step, all the tasks and errands we have for the day....it's hard to just stop and breathe.

There is a saying I love. It says:

"Don't take life too seriously...It's not like you are going to make it out alive."

Makes you stop and chuckle. The only thing that comes to us all is death and taxes. So chill out...take 10 minutes out of your day to admire where you are and your life so far. Then when that is all done you can go back to your hectic day. I have a lot of work to do today but I know I am a lot more productive when I'm in a restful state of mind. - Richard F Guyon

About Rick F. Guyon

So let me start about me.

My name is Rick F. Guyon. I am an engineering currently residing in Idaho. So why did I start this account? To give you...a perfect stranger some insight into my life living here in the mountains. I hope that you will follow my journey!